linux安裝xterm

⑴ 怎麼在linux上裝nctuns

# yum install gcc gcc-c++ make mkinitrd

如果不能聯網，請從前述下載的iso鏡像文件中(Fedora-10-i386-DVD.iso-3.41G)，拷取package中相應的gcc包和gcc-c++包，需要說明的是，如果你想安裝NCTUns 6.0，最好使用Fedora 12，否則需要將gcc-c++更新至更高的版本。

拷出相迅孫臘應包後，安裝rpm包及相關的依賴包：

#rpm –ivh packagename.rpm

大概安裝readline-devel 、ncurses-devel、gcc、gcc-c++、glibc-devel、glibc-headers、kernel-headers、libstdc、ncurses-devel、readline-devel、rpm-libs等包

安裝好常用包後，我們就可以著手安裝NCTUns了

下載 NCTUns5.0-allinone-linux-2.6.27.7-f10.20090709.tar.gz(我好像改過文件名了~)，解壓縮並運行畝滑安裝程序：

# tar zxvf NCTUns5.0-allinone-linux-2.6.27.7-f10.20090709.tar.gz

# cd NCTUns-5.0/

# sh install.sh

大概5-6分鍾後，安裝完畢，我們重新啟動

# reboot

重啟，選擇NCTUns內核，運行 NCTUns 會出現下面問題：

failed to load the logo以及cannot find the file containing the mole list的提示

大家注意：這里我們必須以root身份運行！

切換到root身份，重新運行NCTUns，熟悉的GUI出現了

如果重啟後運行 NCTUns出現下面問題：

$ /usr/local/nctuns/bin/nctunsclient

/usr/local/nctuns/bin/nctunsclient.bin: error while loading shared libraries:

libqt-mt.so.3: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

則需要修改 .bashrc 配置文件：

$ vi .bashrc

export NCTUNSHOME=/usr/local/nctuns

export NCTUNS_BIN=/usr/local/nctuns/bin

export NCTUNS_TOOLS=/usr/local/nctuns/tools

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/nctuns/lib

提醒大家：以root用戶打開run simulation時，GUI所需密碼默認是nctuns。請注意區別！

(附安裝後常見問題：

1、How to solve "login failed. please check your username and password" problem

It is because the account/password doesn't match with the user information in the dispatcher setting.

To solve the problem, run the nctunsclient and then goto G_Setting -> Dispatcher.

Under user information, give an ordinary username and its password (the account can't be root).

Of course, the ordinary user account should be previously created in your linux machine.

2、How to solve "No Idle Server"凱漏 error

The no idle server shows up may be the reason that the program terminates unexpectedly on the previous simulation.

You can use "ps aux | grep nctuns" to see what programs are still running and then use "killall [ProgramName]" to kill that process.

Example: killall stg

3、出現了「Connect to Dispatcher at 127.0.0.1:9800 failed」，

執行Dispatcher,，還要另外開啟coordinator才能run simulation，注意，要開三個終端，其中一個開Dispatcher，一個開coordinator，一個執行Nctuns

4、以root身份登錄fedora 10

編輯/etc/pam.d/gdm，注釋或刪除：

# auth required pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet

有時可能還要編輯/etc/pam.d/gdm~注釋或刪除：

# auth required pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet

保存文件後，登出GUI後，即可用root登錄GUI了。

5、安裝文件中readme關於環境的設置

Before running all of the NCTUns 5.0 programs, three environment

variables must be set.

If you install the NCTUns 5.0 package into the default

/usr/local/nctuns directory, in the following description

${where-you-install} should be replaced with /usr/local/nctuns.

NCTUNSHOME should be set to ${where-you-install}, NCTUNS_TOOLS

should be set to ${where-you-install}/tools, and NCTUNS_BIN

should be set to ${where-you-install/bin

E.g., if you use tcsh, you can add the following lines to your

.cshrc shell configuration file

setenv NCTUNSHOME ${where-you-install}

setenv NCTUNS_TOOLS ${where-you-install}/tools

setenv NCTUNS_BIN ${where-you-install}/bin

E.g., if you use bash, you can add the following lines to your

.bashrc shell file

export NCTUNSHOME=${where-you-install}

export NCTUNS_TOOLS=${where-you-install}/tools

export NCTUNS_BIN=${where-you-install}/bin

You can also use the ${where-you-install}/etc/nctuns.{csh|bash} to

help you set all environment variables

E.g., if you use tcsh, you can add the following lines to your

.cshrc shell configuration file

source ${where-you-install}/etc/nctuns.csh

E.g., if you use bash, you can add the following lines to your

.bashrc shell configuration file

source ${where-you-install}/etc/nctuns.bash

If you do not add these commands to your .cshrc or .bashrc file,

you will need to manually set these variables in each opened

xterm window before executing a NCTUns 5.0 program.

）

⑵ MobaXterm登陸Win10 Linux子系統

前文連接： Win10子系統-Linux安裝使用

說明： 雖然win10自帶的bash功能已經很豐富，操作也簡便，不過習慣了用MobaXterm, 還是選擇用MobaXterm來操作,但此時我們之間通過MobaXterm連接 本機IP+埠22 提示連接失敗，說明應該粗姿是ubuntu的sshd服務設置有問題的。

解決方式如下：

1、安宴啟裝SSH apt-get install openssh-server

2、備份sshd配置文件：

 岩祥絕   cd /etc/ssh

    #備份

    sudo cp sshd_config sshd_config.baksudo vim sshd_config

3、修改sshd配置文件：

    Port 2233 #修改埠

    ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 #打開本地監聽#

    StrictModes yes #注釋掉

    PasswordAuthentication yes #允許密碼登陸

4、重啟ssh

    sudo service ssh restart

⑶ 怎麼在linux下安裝oracle資料庫

方法/步驟

1. 首先需要檢查電腦硬體是否滿足安裝的要求

   

   ⑷ linux系統里wine怎麼安裝

   先說命令行的問題
   在「運行命令行」里輸入"xterm"
   就可以看到一個簡陋的虛擬終端
   而按下Ctrl+Alt+F1就可以切換到真正的終端
   （按Ctrl+Alt+F7切換回來）
   
   紅旗安裝程序挺麻煩的
   如果安裝RPM軟體包，命令格式是
   rpm -ivh 文件名
   安裝TAR格式源碼包
   先是
   configure
   如果沒有錯誤信息就是
   make
   再後就是
   make install
   #
   如果是Debian或ubuntu就簡單多了
   不用自己下載軟體
   直接是一個
   apt-get install 軟體名
   就下載安裝
   升級就用
   apt-get upgrade
   APT具有超級牛力，簡直是神的指令
   #
   
   wine模擬的Win32 PE格式程序運行不穩定
   所以flashget你用不上了
   就是能運行恐怕也是頻頻退出
   Linux下大家都用Downloader For X下載HTTP/FTP資源
   用aMule下載電驢資源
   用Azureus下載BT資源
   
   QQ就算了把
   我一直使用VMware Workststion模擬Windows
   再在Win上運行QQ的
   不過也可用EvaQQ
   至於Wine模擬QQ，很容易死掉的
   我就不誤人子弟了

   ⑸ linux系統VNC安裝不上（急）請高手指教

   三種解決方法：

   1. 使用命令

      yum install VNC-Server

   2. 到你的安裝系統的文件內查找xterm 及 tigervnc-server

      #find /xxx -name "xterm"

      #find /xxx -name "tigervnc-server"

      記下這個路徑，再安裝(若你沒有的話，就從網上下載這兩個文件吧)

      #rpm -ivh xterm-xxx-rpm

      #rpm -ivh xterm-xxx-rpm

   3. 使用命令，忽略包的依賴性，有可能會使程序某些功能不能正常使用

      rpm -ivh VNC-Server-5.0.5-Linux-x86.rpm --nodeps

   ⑹ Linux7.8下靜默安裝oracle11.2

   一、使用腳本初始化環境
   
   腳本如下：（標紅處修改對應的配置需求）
   
   #!/bin/bash
   
   #1.配置主機名/etc/hosts 並關閉瞎尺防火牆及selinux
   
   echo ' 172.168.0.xx linux.tk ' >> /etc/hosts
   
   #注意修改為伺服器的ip和主機名
   
   systemctl stop firewalld
   
   systemctl disable firewalld
   
   setenforce 0
   
   #sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
   
   #2.安裝相關軟體包
   
   yum -y install telnet vim lszrz gcc make binutils gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel
   
   elfutils-libelf-devel-static ksh lio lio-devel numactl-devel sysstat
   
   unixODBC unixODBC-devel pcre-devel wget unzip
   
   #3.配置內核參數
   
   echo "fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
   
   echo "fs.file-max = 6815744" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
   
   echo "kernel.shmmni = 4096" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
   
   echo "kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128" >>散神胡 /etc/sysctl.conf
   
   echo "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
   
   echo "net.core.rmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
   
   echo "net.core.rmem_max = 4194304" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
   
   echo "net.core.wmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
   
   echo "net.core.wmem_max = 1048576" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
   
   sysctl -p
   
   #4.oracle用戶資源限制
   
   echo "oracle soft nproc 2047" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
   
   echo "oracle hard nproc 16384" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
   
   echo "oracle soft nofile 4096" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
   
   echo "oracle hard nofile 65536" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
   
   #5.登錄配置
   
   echo "session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so" >沖攔> /etc/pam.d/login
   
   echo "session required pam_limits.so" >> /etc/pam.d/login
   
   #改授權
   
   echo "if [ $USER = 'oracle' ];then" >> /etc/profile
   
   echo "if [ $SHELL = '/bin/ksh' ];then" >> /etc/profile
   
   echo "ulimit -p 16384" >> /etc/profile
   
   echo "ulimit -n 65536" >> /etc/profile
   
   echo "else" >> /etc/profile
   
   echo "ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536" >> /etc/profile
   
   echo "fi" >> /etc/profile
   
   echo "fi" >> /etc/profile
   
   source /etc/profile
   
   #6.創建用戶組和用戶
   
   groupadd oinstall
   
   groupadd dba
   
   groupadd oper
   
   useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
   
   echo 'oracle' | passwd --stdin oracle
   
   #7.創建相關目錄
   
   mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
   
   mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
   
   chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app
   
   #8.配置oracle用戶環境變數
   
   echo "ORACLE_SID=ora; export ORACLE_SID" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   #sid指定為現場的sid
   
   echo "ORACLE_BASE= /u01/app/oracle ; export ORACLE_BASE" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/ proct/11.2.0/dbhome_1 ; export ORACLE_HOME" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "ORACLE_PATH=/u01/app/common/oracle/sql; export ORACLE_PATH" >>/home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin; export TNS_ADMIN" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data; export ORA_NLS11" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "PATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/bin " >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin " >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "export PATH " >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib " >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib " >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "export LD_LIBRARY_PATH" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "export LANG=en_US.UTF-8 " >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE " >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "export CLASSPATH" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "THREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAG" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "nls_date_format='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss' " >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "export nls_date_format " >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "export TEMP=/tmp " >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "export TMPDIR=/tmp " >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   echo "umask 022 " >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
   
   source ~/.bash_profile
   
   二、上傳或者下載oracle安裝包並解壓，例如放置在/opt/目錄下
   
   unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
   
   unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
   
   直接在目錄解壓，會在當前目錄中生成database目錄
   
   三、修改應答文件安裝資料庫軟體
   
   修改前建議先備份下
   
   cp /opt/database/response/*.rsp /opt/database/rspbak
   
   3.1、生成修改響應文件（/opt/database/response/db_install.rsp）
   
   備註：清空源文件，復制粘貼如下內容（標紅處需要修改對應的設置需求）：
   
   oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
   
   oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
   
   ORACLE_HOSTNAME= linux.tk
   
   UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
   
   INVENTORY_LOCATION= /u01/app/oraInventory
   
   SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
   
   ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/proct/11.2.0/dbhome_1
   
   ORACLE_BASE= /u01/app/oracle
   
   oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
   
   oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false
   
   oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:10.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0
   
   oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
   
   oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oper
   
   DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
   
   oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES
   
   3.2、開始安裝
   
   1）、用oracle用戶登錄操作
   
   # su - oracle
   
   $ cd /opt/database
   
   $ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /opt/database/response/db_install.rsp
   
   2）、在安裝過程中可以新開會話，使用tailf 命令查看進度
   
   # tailf /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2022-XX-XX_03-28-06PM.log
   
   提示安裝結束，需要在root用戶執行兩個腳本，如下：
   
   # /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
   
   # /u01/app/oracle/proct/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
   
   四、修改應答文件安裝資料庫實例（/opt/database/response/dbca.rsp）
   
   安裝實例前，需要新建一個實例存放的目錄（/home/OracleData/），如下：
   
   # mkdir /home/OracleData
   
   # chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/OracleData/
   
   4.1、修改應答文件
   
   [GENERAL]
   
   RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"
   
   OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
   
   [CREATEDATABASE]
   
   GDBNAME = "ora"
   
   SID = "ora"
   
   TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"
   
   SYSPASSWORD = "***012"
   
   SYSTEMPASSWORD = "***012"
   
   DATAFILEDESTINATION = /home/OracleData/
   
   RECOVERYAREADESTINATION = /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area
   
   CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"
   
   TOTALMEMORY = "2048"
   
   4.2、建實例,登錄oracle用戶
   
   # su - oracle
   
   $ dbca -silent -responseFile /opt/database/response/dbca.rsp
   
   此安裝過程是有進度顯示，不用tailf查看，不過也可以查看對應的log日誌查看進度
   
   4.3、刪除實例
   
   編輯應答文件
   
   #vim /opt/database/response/del_dbca.rsp
   
   [GENERAL]
   
   RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"
   
   OPERATION_TYPE = "deleteDatabase"
   
   [DELETEDATABASE]
   
   SOURCEDB = "ora "
   
   $ dbca -silent -responseFile del_dbca.rsp
   
   五、啟動監聽，配置自啟動等
   
   5.1、啟動監聽
   
   # su – oracle
   
   $ lsnrctl start
   
   查看狀態 lsnrctl status
   
   # netstat -tnulp | grep 1521
   
   # ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep
   
   5.2、設置自啟動
   
   修改vim /etc/oratab 如下
   
   ora:/u01/app/oracle/proct/11.2.0/dbhome_1: Y
   
   5.3、修改dbstart文件
   
   vim /u01/app/oracle/proct/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart
   
   將ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1
   修改為ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
   
   5.4、將dbstart加入開機自啟動，/etc/rc.d/rc.local中增加
   
   su - oracle -lc /u01/app/oracle/proct/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart
   
   賦許可權 chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
   
   5.3、登錄資料庫設置許可權等
   
   sqlplus / as sysdba
   
   startup;
   
   alter system register;
   
   create user ora identified by ***012;
   
   grant dba to ora;
   
   exit
   
   六、遠程連接資料庫
   
   6.1、開放1521埠
   
   firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1521/tcp --permanent
   
   firewall-cmd –reload
   
   firewall-cmd --list-ports