编译优化ir效率曲线

1. 静态分析是指

经济领域概念
静态分析是一种分析经济现象的均衡状态以及有关的经济变量达到均衡状态所需要条件的分析方法。[1]而不考虑经济现象达到均衡状态的过程，它完全抽象掉了时间因素和具体的变化过程，是一种静止地、孤立地考察某种经济事物的方法。
网络


静态分析
经济领域概念
静态分析是一种分析经济现象的均衡状态以及有关的经济变量达到均衡状态所需要条件的分析方法。[1]而不考虑经济现象达到均衡状态的过程，它完全抽象掉了时间因素和具体的变化过程，是一种静止地、孤立地考察某种经济事物的方法。

中文名
静态分析
外文名
static analysis
指标
总量指标、相对指标、平均指标、标志变异指标等
应用
静态计算机科学、经济学、工程、力学、机械
释义
根据既定的外生变量值求得内生变量的分析方法
内涵
静态分析法是根据既定的外生变量值求得内生变量的分析方法，是对已发生的经济活动成果，进行综合性的对比分析的一种分析方法。

如研究均衡价格时，舍掉时间、地点等因素，并假定影响均衡价格的其他因素，如消费者偏好、收入及相关商品的价格等静止不变，单纯分析该商品的供求达于均衡状态的产量和价格的决定。简单地说就是抽象了时间因素和具体变动的过程，静止地孤立地考察某些经济现象。它一般用于分析经济现象的均衡状态以及有关经济变量达到均衡状态所需要的条件。

常用的静态分析法有：相对数分析法、平均数分析法、比较分析法、结构分析法、因素替换分析法、综合计算分析法、价值系数分析法等。

指标

2. gcc 编译优化做了哪些事求解答

用过gcc的都应该知道编译时候的-O选项吧。它就是负责编译优化。下面列出它的说明： -O -O1 Optimize. Optimizing compilation takes somewhat more time, and a lot more memory for a large function. With -O, the compiler tries to rece code size and execution time, without performing any optimizations that take a great deal of compilation time. -O turns on the following optimization flags: -fdefer-pop -fdelayed-branch -fguess-branch-probability -fcprop-registers -floop-optimize -fif-conversion -fif-conver- sion2 -ftree-ccp -ftree-dce -ftree-dominator-opts -ftree-dse -ftree-ter -ftree-lrs -ftree-sra -ftree-rename -ftree-fre -ftree-ch -funit-at-a-time -fmerge-constants -O also turns on -fomit-frame-pointer on machines where doing so does not interfere with debugging. -O doesn’t turn on -ftree-sra for the Ada compiler. This option must be explicitly speci- fied on the command line to be enabled for the Ada compiler. -O2 Optimize even more. GCC performs nearly all supported optimizations that do not involve a space-speed tradeoff. The compiler does not perform loop unrolling or function inlining when you specify -O2. As compared to -O, this option increases both compilation time and the performance of the generated code. -O2 turns on all optimization flags specified by -O. It also turns on the following opti- mization flags: -fthread-jumps -fcrossjumping -foptimize-sibling-calls -fcse-follow-jumps -fcse-skip-blocks -fgcse -fgcse-lm -fexpensive-optimizations -fstrength-rece -fre- run-cse-after-loop -frerun-loop-opt -fcaller-saves -fpeephole2 -fschele-insns -fsched- ule-insns2 -fsched-interblock -fsched-spec -fregmove -fstrict-aliasing -fdelete-null-pointer-checks -freorder-blocks -freorder-functions -falign-functions -falign-jumps -falign-loops -falign-labels -ftree-vrp -ftree-pre Please note the warning under -fgcse about invoking -O2 on programs that use computed gotos. -O3 Optimize yet more. -O3 turns on all optimizations specified by -O2 and also turns on the -finline-functions, -funswitch-loops and -fgcse-after-reload options. -O0 Do not optimize. This is the default. -Os Optimize for size. -Os enables all -O2 optimizations that do not typically increase code size. It also performs further optimizations designed to rece code size. -Os disables the following optimization flags: -falign-functions -falign-jumps -falign-loops -falign-labels -freorder-blocks -freorder-blocks-and-partition -fprefetch-loop-arrays -ftree-vect-loop-version If you use multiple -O options, with or without level numbers, the last such option is the one that is effective. Options of the form -fflag specify machine-independent flags. Most flags have both positive and negative forms; the negative form of -ffoo would be -fno-foo. In the table below, only one of the forms is listed---the one you typically will use. You can figure out the other form by either removing no- or adding it. The following options control specific optimizations. They are either activated by -O options or are related to ones that are. You can use the following flags in the rare cases when "fine-tuning" of optimizations to be performed is desired. -fno-default-inline Do not make member functions inline by default merely because they are defined inside the class scope (C++ only). Otherwise, when you specify -O, member functions defined inside class scope are compiled inline by default; i.e., you don’t need to add inline in front of the member function name. -fno-defer-pop Always pop the arguments to each function call as soon as that function returns. For machines which must pop arguments after a function call, the compiler normally lets argu- ments accumulate on the stack for several function calls and pops them all at once. Disabled at levels -O, -O2, -O3, -Os. -fforce-mem Force memory operands to be copied into registers before doing arithmetic on them. This proces better code by making all memory references potential common subexpressions. When they are not common subexpressions, instruction combination should eliminate the separate register-load. This option is now a nop and will be removed in 4.2. -fforce-addr Force memory address constants to be copied into registers before doing arithmetic on them. -fomit-frame-pointer Don’t keep the frame pointer in a register for functions that don’t need one. This avoids the instructions to save, set up and restore frame pointers; it also makes an extra regis- ter available in many functions. It also makes debugging impossible on some machines. On some machines, such as the VAX, this flag has no effect, because the standard calling sequence automatically handles the frame pointer and nothing is saved by pretending it doesn’t exist. The machine-description macro "FRAME_POINTER_REQUIRED" controls whether a target machine supports this flag. Enabled at levels -O, -O2, -O3, -Os. -foptimize-sibling-calls Optimize sibling and tail recursive calls. Enabled at levels -O2, -O3, -Os. -fno-inline Don’t pay attention to the "inline" keyword. Normally this option is used to keep the com- piler from expanding any functions inline. Note that if you are not optimizing, no func- tions can be expanded inline. -finline-functions Integrate all simple functions into their callers. The compiler heuristically decides which functions are simple enough to be worth integrating in this way. If all calls to a given function are integrated, and the function is declared "static", then the function is normally not output as assembler code in its own right. Enabled at level -O3. -finline-functions-called-once Consider all "static" functions called once for inlining into their caller even if they are not marked "inline". If a call to a given function is integrated, then the function is not output as assembler code in its own right. Enabled if -funit-at-a-time is enabled. -fearly-inlining Inline functions marked by "always_inline" and functions whose body seems smaller than the function call overhead early before doing -fprofile-generate instrumentation and real inlining pass. Doing so makes profiling significantly cheaper and usually inlining faster on programs having large chains of nested wrapper functions. Enabled by default. -finline-limit=n By default, GCC limits the size of functions that can be inlined. This flag allows the control of this limit for functions that are explicitly marked as inline (i.e., marked with the inline keyword or defined within the class definition in c++). n is the size of func- tions that can be inlined in number of pseudo instructions (not counting parameter han- dling). The default value of n is 600. Increasing this value can result in more inlined code at the cost of compilation time and memory consumption. Decreasing usually makes the compilation faster and less code will be inlined (which presumably means slower programs). This option is particularly useful for programs that use inlining heavily such as those based on recursive templates with C++. Inlining is actually controlled by a number of parameters, which may be specified indivi- ally by using --param name=value. The -finline-limit=n option sets some of these parame- ters as follows: max-inline-insns-single is set to I<n>/2. max-inline-insns-auto is set to I<n>/2. min-inline-insns is set to 130 or I<n>/4, whichever is smaller. max-inline-insns-rtl is set to I<n>. See below for a documentation of the indivial parameters controlling inlining. Note: pseudo instruction represents, in this particular context, an abstract measurement of function’s size. In no way does it represent a count of assembly instructions and as such its exact meaning might change from one release to an another. -fkeep-inline-functions In C, emit "static" functions that are declared "inline" into the object file, even if the function has been inlined into all of its callers. This switch does not affect functions using the "extern inline" extension in GNU C. In C++, emit any and all inline functions into the object file. -fkeep-static-consts Emit variables declared "static const" when optimization isn’t turned on, even if the vari- ables aren’t referenced. GCC enables this option by default. If you want to force the compiler to check if the variable was referenced, regardless of whether or not optimization is turned on, use the -fno-keep-static-consts option. -fmerge-constants Attempt to merge identical constants (string constants and floating point constants) across compilation units. This option is the default for optimized compilation if the assembler and linker support it. Use -fno-merge-constants to inhibit this behavior. Enabled at levels -O, -O2, -O3, -Os. -fmerge-all-constants Attempt to merge identical constants and identical variables. This option implies -fmerge-constants. In addition to -fmerge-constants this considers e.g. even constant initialized arrays or initialized constant variables with integral or floating point types. Languages like C or C++ require each non-automatic variable to have distinct location, so using this option will result in non-conforming behavior. -fmolo-sched Perform swing molo scheling immediately before the first scheling pass. This pass looks at innermost loops and reorders their instructions by overlapping different itera- tions. -fno-branch-count-reg Do not use "decrement and branch" instructions on a count register, but instead generate a sequence of instructions that decrement a register, compare it against zero, then branch based upon the result. This option is only meaningful on architectures that support such instructions, which include x86, PowerPC, IA-64 and S/390. The default is -fbranch-count-reg, enabled when -fstrength-rece is enabled. -fno-function-cse Do not put function addresses in registers; make each instruction that calls a constant function contain the function’s address explicitly. This option results in less efficient code, but some strange hacks that alter the assembler output may be confused by the optimizations performed when this option is not used. The default is -ffunction-cse -fno-zero-initialized-in-bss If the target supports a BSS section, GCC by default puts variables that are initialized to zero into BSS. This can save space in the resulting code. This option turns off this behavior because some programs explicitly rely on variables going to the data section. E.g., so that the resulting executable can find the beginning of that section and/or make assumptions based on that. The default is -fzero-initialized-in-bss. -fmudflap -fmudflapth -fmudflapir For front-ends that support it (C and C++), instrument all risky pointer/array dereferenc- ing operations, some standard library string/heap functions, and some other associated con- structs with range/validity tests. Moles so instrumented should be immune to buffer overflows, invalid heap use, and some other classes of C/C++ programming errors. The instrumentation relies on a separate runtime library (libmudflap), which will be linked into a program if -fmudflap is given at link time. Run-time behavior of the instrumented program is controlled by the MUDFLAP_OPTIONS environment variable. See "env MUD- FLAP_OPTIONS=-help a.out" for its options. Use -fmudflapth instead of -fmudflap to compile and to link if your program is multi-threaded. Use -fmudflapir, in addition to -fmudflap or -fmudflapth, if instrumenta- tion should ignore pointer reads. This proces less instrumentation (and therefore faster execution) and still provides some protection against outright memory corrupting writes, but allows erroneously read data to propagate within a program. -fstrength-rece Perform the optimizations of loop strength rection and elimination of iteration vari- ables. Enabled at levels -O2, -O3, -Os. -fthread-jumps Perform optimizations where we check to see if a jump branches to a location where another comparison subsumed by the first is found. If so, the first branch is redirected to either the destination of the second branch or a point immediately following it, depending on whether the condition is known to be true or false. Enabled at levels -O2, -O3, -Os. -fcse-follow-jumps In common subexpression elimination, scan through jump instructions when the target of the jump is not reached by any other path. For example, when CSE encounters an "if" statement with an "else" clause, CSE will follow the jump when the condition tested is false. Enabled at levels -O2, -O3, -Os. -fcse-skip-blocks This is similar to -fcse-follow-jumps, but causes CSE to follow jumps which conditionally skip over blocks. When CSE encounters a simple "if" statement with no else clause, -fcse-skip-blocks causes CSE to follow the jump around the body of the "if". Enabled at levels -O2, -O3, -Os. -frerun-cse-after-loop Re-run common subexpression elimination after loop optimizations has been performed. Enabled at levels -O2, -O3, -Os. -frerun-loop-opt Run the loop optimizer twice. Enabled at levels -O2, -O3, -Os. -fgcse Perform a global common subexpression elimination pass. This pass also performs global constant and propagation. Note: When compiling a program using computed gotos, a GCC extension, you may get better runtime performance if you disable the global common subexpression elimination pass by adding -fno-gcse to the command line. Enabled at levels -O2, -O3, -Os. -fgcse-lm When -fgcse-lm is enabled, global common subexpression elimination will attempt to move loads which are only killed by stores into themselves. This allows a loop containing a load/store sequence to be changed to a load outside the loop, and a /store within the loop. Enabled by default when gcse is enabled. -fgcse-sm When -fgcse-sm is enabled, a store motion pass is run after global common subexpression elimination. This pass will attempt to move stores out of loops. When used in conjunction with -fgcse-lm, loops containing a load/store sequence can be changed to a load before the loop and a store after the loop. Not enabled at any optimization level. -fgcse-las When -fgcse-las is enabled, the global common subexpression elimination pass eliminates rendant loads that come after stores to the same memory location (both partial and full rendancies). Not enabled at any optimization level. -fgcse-after-reload When -fgcse-after-reload is enabled, a rendant load elimination pass is performed after reload. The purpose of this pass is to cleanup rendant spilling. -floop-optimize Perform loop optimizations: move constant expressions out of loops, simplify exit test con- ditions and optionally do strength-rection as well. Enabled at levels -O, -O2, -O3, -Os. -floop-optimize2 Perform loop optimizations using the new loop optimizer. The optimizations (loop unrolling, peeling and unswitching, loop invariant motion) are enabled by separate flags. -funsafe-loop-optimizations If given, the loop optimizer will assume that loop indices do not overflow, and that the loops with nontrivial exit condition are not infinite. This enables a wider range of loop optimizations even if the loop optimizer itself cannot prove that these assumptions are valid. Using -Wunsafe-loop-optimizations, the compiler will warn you if it finds this kind of loop. -fcrossjumping Perform cross-jumping transformation. This transformation unifies equivalent code and save code size. The resulting code may or may not perform better than without cross-jumping. Enabled at levels -O2, -O3, -Os. -fif-conversion Attempt to transform conditional jumps into branch-less equivalents. This include use of conditional moves, min, max, set flags and abs instructions, and some tricks doable by standard arithmetics. The use of conditional execution on chips where it is available is controlled by "if-conversion2". Enabled at levels -O, -O2, -O3, -Os. -fif-conversion2 Use conditional execution (where available) to transform conditional jumps into branch-less equivalents. Enabled at levels -O, -O2, -O3, -Os. -fdelete-null-pointer-checks Use global dataflow analysis to identify and eliminate useless checks for null pointers. The compiler assumes that dereferencing a null pointer would have halted the program. If a pointer is checked after it has already been dereferenced, it cannot be null. In some environments, this assumption is not true, and programs can safely dereference null pointers. Use -fno-delete-null-pointer-checks to disable this optimization for programs which depend on that behavior. Enabled at levels -O2, -O3, -Os. -fexpensive-optimizations Perform a number of minor optimizations that are relatively expensive. Enabled at levels -O2, -O3, -Os. -foptimize-register-move -fregmove Attempt to reassign register numbers in move instructions and as operands of other simple instructions in order to maximize the amount of register tying. This is especially helpful on machines with two-operand instructions. Note -fregmove and -foptimize-register-move are the same optimization. Enabled at levels -O2, -O3, -Os. -fdelayed-branch If supported for the target machine, attempt to reorder instructions to exploit instruction slots available after delayed branch instructions. Enabled at levels -O, -O2, -O3, -Os. -fschele-insns If supported for the target machine, attempt to reorder instructions to eliminate execution stalls e to required data being unavailable. This helps machines that have slow floating point or memory load instructions by allowing other instructions to be issued until the result of the load or floating point instruction is required. Enabled at levels -O2, -O3, -Os. -fschele-insns2 Similar to -fschele-insns, but requests an additional pass of instruction scheling after register allocation has been done. This is especially useful on machines with a rel- atively small number of registers and where memory load instructions take more than one cycle. Enabled at levels -O2, -O3, -Os. -fno-sched-interblock Don’t schele instructions across basic blocks. This is normally enabled by default when scheling before register allocation, i.e. with -fschele-insns or at -O2 or higher. -fno-sched-spec Don’t allow speculative motion of non-load instructions. This is normally enabled by default when scheling before register allocation, i.e. with -fschele-insns or at -O2 or higher. -fsched-spec-load Allow speculative motion of some load instructions. This only makes sense when scheling before register allocation, i.e. with -fschele-insns or at -O2 or higher. -fsched-spec-load-dangerous Allow speculative motion of more load instructions. This only makes sense when scheling before register allocation, i.e. with -fschele-insns or at -O2 or higher. -fsched-stalled-insns -fsched-stalled-insns=n Define how many insns (if any) can be moved prematurely from the queue of stalled insns into the ready list, ring the second scheling pass. -fno-fsched-stalled-insns and -fsched-stalled-insns=0 are equivalent and mean that no insns will be moved prematurely. If n is unspecified then there is no limit on how many queued insns can be moved prema- turely. -fsched-stalled-insns-dep -fsched-stalled-insns-dep=n Define how many insn groups (cycles) will be examined for a dependency on a stalled insn that is candidate for premature removal from the queue of stalled insns. This has an effect only ring the second scheling pass, and only if -fsched-stalled-insns is used and its value is not zero. +-fno-sched-stalled-insns-dep is equivalent to +-fsched-stalled-insns-dep=0. +-fsched-stalled-insns-dep without a value is equivalent to +-fsched-stalled-insns-dep=1. -fsched2-use-superblocks When scheling after register allocation, do use superblock scheling algorithm. Superblock scheling allows motion across basic block boundaries resulting on faster scheles. This option is experimental, as not all machine descriptions used by GCC model the CPU closely enough to avoid unreliable results from the algorithm. This only makes sense when scheling after register

3. TFC设计IR-CUT时，光学曲线优化好了，查看物理厚度时，发现揖让还有没有厚度的层次，这是什么原因呀求解

镀膜不懂

4. 欧姆定律IR图像是曲线不够直观怎样改进

在欧姆定律中。当导体的电压一定的时候，电流与电阻是成反比的，那么画出来的IR图像，肯定不是一条直线，而是一个反比例函数图像，那么它不够直观怎么改进呢？这是很多考试题目当中或者是老师讲课的时候要这样学生思考的问题。

这主要是由于初中学生对反比例函数图像认识。不够。深度而且呢反比例函数图像是一条曲线，学生对曲线。找我能力比较差，要想改变这个的话，那么基于学生的。嗯，学习经验学生对正比例函数图像是非常有认识的。先取在这个经验之下，怎么把这个图像这样做一个修改。

图像当中电流值还是保持不变的，只不过把电阻时变为电阻的倒数，即1/R。这样的话电流与电阻的倒数就可以是成正比的关系，这样做出来的图像就是过坐标原点的一条图像，非常好看。而且非常直观适合初中学生的认知水平。

5. 编译器的编译器优化

应用程序之所以复杂, 是由于它们具有处理多种问题以及相关数据集的能力。实际上, 一个复杂的应用程序就象许多不同功能的应用程序“ 粘贴” 在一起。源文件中大部分复杂性来自于处理初始化和问题设置代码。这些文件虽然通常占源文件的很大一部分, 具有很大难度, 但基本上不花费C PU 执行周期。
尽管存在上述情况, 大多数Makefile文件只有一套编译器选项来编译项目中所有的文件。因此, 标准的优化方法只是简单地提升优化选项的强度, 一般从O 2 到O 3。这样一来, 就需要投人大量 精力来调试, 以确定哪些文件不能被优化, 并为这些文件建立特殊的make规则。
一个更简单但更有效的方法是通过一个性能分析器, 来运行最初的代码, 为那些占用了85 一95 % CPU 的源文件生成一个列表。通常情况下, 这些文件大约只占所有文件的1%。如果开发人员立刻为每一个列表中的文件建立其各自的规则, 则会处于更灵活有效的位置。这样一来改变优化只会引起一小部分文件被重新编译。进而,由于时间不会浪费在优化不费时的函数上, 重编译全部文件将会大大地加快。

6. ir优化保存也不行！不知道怎么弄

1、在PS里，做两个图层，其中一个图层眼睛是闭上的，另一个图层眼睛是睁开的。
2、CTRL+SHIFT+M键，转到IR软件中去做动画。
3、在IR里，调出动画面板，复制当前帧，动画面板上，出现两帧。
4、选第一帧，然后，图层面板上，显示闭上眼睛的那个图层，隐藏睁眼睛的那个图层。
5、选第二帧，在图层面板上，显示睁眼睛的图层，隐藏闭眼睛的图层。
6、设置延迟时间为0、1秒。
7、点“文件”——将优化结果存储为GIF格式。就可以眨眼睛了。

7. 有没有比较过IAR与KEIL的编译效率

跑dhrystone一秒多少循环。优化级别不一样，结果也不一样。最多快约一倍。
看来IAR编译器效率还是不如原厂ARM的。
keil：
-O0:43662 fortime 43662
-O1:53730 fortime 79119
-02:54960 fortime 98090
-O3:53650 fortime 99858
iar ：
none 26191
-low 27016
-m 56425
-h 71427（forspeed）

8. IR优化是什么

1、IR为英文版，说明你装的ps套装是汉化版的，而不是真正中文版。汉化不完全，作者指针对了ps而已。
2、因为IR用户相对很少，很多做动画的人都是采用Fireworks，所以很难找到IR的专门汉化软件，劝你重新安装个正式版吧。
3、详细教程只要搜索网络就可以了“ImageReady 教程”。IR和ps最基本的配合就是图层动画，ps做好图层各帧，Ctrl+Shift+M跳到IR中，之后窗口中调出动画面板，面板（右上箭头）点出菜单命令“从图层建立帧”就生成动画了。最后存储时，要在优化面板中选择gif格式，之后选择优化存储。

9. IR图像为什么是曲线

IR光谱本质上是在Y轴上吸收的红外光相对于其绘制的曲线图。

红外光谱通常是指分子与红外光相互作用的分析。红外光谱的概念通常可以通过三种方式进行分析：通过测量反射，发射和吸收。红外光谱的主要用途是确定与有机和无机化学相关的分子的官能团。

IR光谱介绍

IR光谱本质上是在Y轴上吸收的红外光相对于其绘制的曲线图。X轴上的频率或波长。红外光谱检测分子吸收的红外光的频率，分子倾向于吸收这些特定频率的光，因为它们对应于分子中键的振动频率。

红外光谱中使用的样品可以是固态，液态或气态。可以通过使用具有油质质地的研磨剂将样品压碎来制备固体样品。现在可以将该薄薄的一层涂在要测量的盐板上。通常将液体样品保存在两个盐板之间，并进行测量，因为这些板对红外光透明。

盐板可由氯化钠，氟化钙或什至溴化钾制成。由于气态样品的浓度可以为百万分之几，因此样品池必须具有相对较长的光程，即光必须在样品池中传播相对较长的距离。因此，可以在红外光谱中使用多种物理状态的样本。

10. 编译器 优化

编译是从源代码（通常为高阶语言）到能直接被计算机或虚拟机执行的目标代码（通常为低阶语言或机器语言）的翻译过程。然而，也存在从低阶语言到高阶语言的编译器，这类编译器中用来从由高阶语言生成的低阶语言代码重新生成高阶语言代码的又被叫做反编译器。也有从一种高阶语言生成另一种高阶语言的编译器，或者生成一种需要进一步处理的的中间代码的编译器（又叫级联）。
典型的编译器输出是由包含入口点的名字和地址, 以及外部调用（到不在这个目标文件中的函数调用）的机器代码所组成的目标文件。一组目标文件，不必是同一编译器产生，但使用的编译器必需采用同样的输出格式，可以链接在一起并生成可以由用户直接执行的可执行程序。
从他的原理我们就好优化了，但是方法很多的