⑴ 如何使用java请求HTTPS
1.写http请求方法
[java] view plain
//处理http请求 requestUrl为请求地址 requestMethod请求方式,值为"GET"或"POST"
public static String httpRequest(String requestUrl,String requestMethod,String outputStr){
StringBuffer buffer=null;
try{
URL url=new URL(requestUrl);
HttpURLConnection conn=(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setRequestMethod(requestMethod);
conn.connect();
//往服务器端写内容 也就是发起http请求需要带的参数
if(null!=outputStr){
OutputStream os=conn.getOutputStream();
os.write(outputStr.getBytes("utf-8"));
os.close();
}
//读取服务器端返回的内容
InputStream is=conn.getInputStream();
InputStreamReader isr=new InputStreamReader(is,"utf-8");
BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(isr);
buffer=new StringBuffer();
String line=null;
while((line=br.readLine())!=null){
buffer.append(line);
}
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return buffer.toString();
}
2.测试。
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public static void main(String[] args){
String s=httpRequest("","GET",null);
System.out.println(s);
}
输出结果为的源代码,说明请求成功。
注:1).第一个参数url需要写全地址,即前边的http必须写上,不能只写这样的。
2).第二个参数是请求方式,一般接口调用会给出URL和请求方式说明。
3).第三个参数是我们在发起请求的时候传递参数到所要请求的服务器,要传递的参数也要看接口文档确定格式,一般是封装成json或xml.
4).返回内容是String类,但是一般是有格式的json或者xml。
二:发起https请求。
1.https是对链接加了安全证书SSL的,如果服务器中没有相关链接的SSL证书,它就不能够信任那个链接,也就不会访问到了。所以我们第一步是自定义一个信任管理器。自要实现自带的X509TrustManager接口就可以了。
[java] view plain
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
public class MyX509TrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
throws CertificateException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
throws CertificateException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
}
注:1)需要的包都是java自带的,所以不用引入额外的包。
2.)可以看到里面的方法都是空的,当方法为空是默认为所有的链接都为安全,也就是所有的链接都能够访问到。当然这样有一定的安全风险,可以根据实际需要写入内容。
2.编写https请求方法。
[java] view plain
/*
* 处理https GET/POST请求
* 请求地址、请求方法、参数
* */
public static String httpsRequest(String requestUrl,String requestMethod,String outputStr){
StringBuffer buffer=null;
try{
//创建SSLContext
SSLContext sslContext=SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
TrustManager[] tm={new MyX509TrustManager()};
//初始化
sslContext.init(null, tm, new java.security.SecureRandom());;
//获取SSLSocketFactory对象
SSLSocketFactory ssf=sslContext.getSocketFactory();
URL url=new URL(requestUrl);
HttpsURLConnection conn=(HttpsURLConnection)url.openConnection();
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setUseCaches(false);
conn.setRequestMethod(requestMethod);
//设置当前实例使用的SSLSoctetFactory
conn.setSSLSocketFactory(ssf);
conn.connect();
//往服务器端写内容
if(null!=outputStr){
OutputStream os=conn.getOutputStream();
os.write(outputStr.getBytes("utf-8"));
os.close();
}
//读取服务器端返回的内容
InputStream is=conn.getInputStream();
InputStreamReader isr=new InputStreamReader(is,"utf-8");
BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(isr);
buffer=new StringBuffer();
String line=null;
while((line=br.readLine())!=null){
buffer.append(line);
}
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return buffer.toString();
}
可见和http访问的方法类似,只是多了SSL的相关处理。
3.测试。先用http请求的方法访问,再用https的请求方法访问,进行对比。
http访问:
[java] view plain
public static void main(String[] args){
String s=httpRequest("","GET",null);
System.out.println(s);
}
结果为:
https访问:
[java] view plain
public static void main(String[] args){
String s=httpsRequest("","GET",null);
System.out.println(s);
}
结果为:
可见https的链接一定要进行SSL的验证或者过滤之后才能够访问。
三:https的另一种访问方式——导入服务端的安全证书。
1.下载需要访问的链接所需要的安全证书。 以这个网址为例。
1)在浏览器上访问。
2)点击上图的那个打了×的锁查看证书。
3)选择复制到文件进行导出,我们把它导入到java项目所使用的jre的lib文件下的security文件夹中去,我的是这个路径。D:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jre8\lib\security
注:中间需要选导出格式,就选默认的就行,还需要命名,我命名的是12306.
2.打开cmd,进入到java项目所使用的jre的lib文件下的security目录。
3.在命令行输入 Keytool -import -alias 12306 -file 12306.cer -keystore cacerts
4.回车后会让输入口令,一般默认是changeit,输入时不显示,输入完直接按回车,会让确认是否信任该证书,输入y,就会提示导入成功。
5.导入成功后就能像请求http一样请求https了。
测试:
[java] view plain
public static void main(String[] args){
String s=httpRequest("","GET",null);
System.out.println(s);
}
结果:
现在就可以用http的方法请求https了。
注:有时候这一步还是会出错,那可能是jre的版本不对,我们右键run as——run configurations,选择证书所在的jre之后再运行。
⑵ Java SpringMVC如何开放一个https接口
通过在tomcat的server.xml中可以配置,普通请求在8080端口上,https在8448端口上,具体的配置你可以网上找找看很多。
这样tomcat就可以完成到调用者的数据传输加密。业务层无干扰。
⑶ java怎么调用https外部接口
方法:只要New一个Map,然后把要传递的参数以键值对的形式存入Map即可。privatevoidExample(){Stringurl=地址;Mapparam=newHashMap();p.put("ParamName","ParamValue");Stringhtml=this.visitURL(url,param);}
⑷ java1.6 能访问https的接口吗
用两种方式分别实现了,第一种是jdk原生的,代码稍微多点,第二种是基于httpclient4版本的。在我的机器上,访问同一个接口原生的性能要好很多(前者900ms,后者5.7s左右),httpclient主要性能消耗在"HttpResponse res = client.execute(post);",大约占总执行时间的90%。
Java代码
private static final String METHOD_POST = "POST";
private static final String DEFAULT_CHARSET = "utf-8";
public static String doPost(String url, String params, String charset, int connectTimeout, int readTimeout) throws Exception {
String ctype = "application/json;charset=" + charset;
byte[] content = {};
if(params != null){
content = params.getBytes(charset);
}
return doPost(url, ctype, content, connectTimeout, readTimeout);
}
public static String doPost(String url, String ctype, byte[] content,int connectTimeout,int readTimeout) throws Exception {
HttpsURLConnection conn = null;
OutputStream out = null;
String rsp = null;
try {
try{
SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
ctx.init(new KeyManager[0], new TrustManager[] {new DefaultTrustManager()}, new SecureRandom());
SSLContext.setDefault(ctx);
conn = getConnection(new URL(url), METHOD_POST, ctype);
conn.setHostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {
@Override
public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
return true;
}
});
conn.setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout);
conn.setReadTimeout(readTimeout);
}catch(Exception e){
log.error("GET_CONNECTOIN_ERROR, URL = " + url, e);
throw e;
}
try{
out = conn.getOutputStream();
out.write(content);
rsp = getResponseAsString(conn);
}catch(IOException e){
log.error("REQUEST_RESPONSE_ERROR, URL = " + url, e);
throw e;
}
}finally {
if (out != null) {
out.close();
}
if (conn != null) {
conn.disconnect();
}
}
return rsp;
}
private static class DefaultTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] arg0, String arg1) throws CertificateException {}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] arg0, String arg1) throws CertificateException {}
@Override
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
}
private static HttpsURLConnection getConnection(URL url, String method, String ctype)
throws IOException {
HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod(method);
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setRequestProperty("Accept", "text/xml,text/javascript,text/html");
conn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "stargate");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", ctype);
return conn;
}
protected static String getResponseAsString(HttpURLConnection conn) throws IOException {
String charset = getResponseCharset(conn.getContentType());
InputStream es = conn.getErrorStream();
if (es == null) {
return getStreamAsString(conn.getInputStream(), charset);
} else {
String msg = getStreamAsString(es, charset);
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(msg)) {
throw new IOException(conn.getResponseCode() + ":" + conn.getResponseMessage());
} else {
throw new IOException(msg);
}
}
}
private static String getStreamAsString(InputStream stream, String charset) throws IOException {
try {
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stream, charset));
StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
char[] chars = new char[256];
int count = 0;
while ((count = reader.read(chars)) > 0) {
writer.write(chars, 0, count);
}
return writer.toString();
} finally {
if (stream != null) {
stream.close();
}
}
}
private static String getResponseCharset(String ctype) {
String charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET;
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(ctype)) {
String[] params = ctype.split(";");
for (String param : params) {
param = param.trim();
if (param.startsWith("charset")) {
String[] pair = param.split("=", 2);
if (pair.length == 2) {
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(pair[1])) {
charset = pair[1].trim();
}
}
break;
}
}
}
return charset;
}
Java代码
public static JSONObject post(String url, String json) {
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
client = WebClientDevWrapper.wrapClient(client);
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
JSONObject response = null;
try {
StringEntity s = new StringEntity(json);
s.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
s.setContentType("application/json");
post.setEntity(s);
Long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
HttpResponse res = client.execute(post);
System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime);
if (res.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
HttpEntity entity = res.getEntity();
String charset = EntityUtils.getContentCharSet(entity);
if(charset == null){
charset = "utf-8";
}
response = new JSONObject(new JSONTokener(
new InputStreamReader(entity.getContent(), charset)));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
return response;
}
public static class WebClientDevWrapper {
public static HttpClient wrapClient(HttpClient base) {
try {
SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
@Override
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] chain,
String authType)
throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {
}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] chain,
String authType)
throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {
}
};
ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx, SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
ClientConnectionManager ccm = base.getConnectionManager();
SchemeRegistry sr = ccm.getSchemeRegistry();
sr.register(new Scheme("https", 443, ssf));
return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, base.getParams());
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
}
⑸ java https接口调用出错
您这个明显HTTPS端口不信任或不通,请检查HTTPS链接是否可以直接正常信任访问,并且进行ATS安全标准检测,是否达到要求,相关HTTPS技术支持:网页链接
⑹ java 建立双向认证 https连接
绝对好用的。直用的这个,GOOD LUCK FOR YOU
public static String httpRequest(String requestUrl, String requestMethod, String outputStr) {
JSONObject jsonObject = null;
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
try {
// 创建SSLContext对象,并使用我们指定的信任管理器初始化
TrustManager[] tm = { new MyX509TrustManager() };
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL", "SunJSSE");
sslContext.init(null, tm, new java.security.SecureRandom());
// 从上述SSLContext对象中得到SSLSocketFactory对象
SSLSocketFactory ssf = sslContext.getSocketFactory();
URL url = new URL(requestUrl);
HttpsURLConnection httpUrlConn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
httpUrlConn.setSSLSocketFactory(ssf);
httpUrlConn.setDoOutput(true);
httpUrlConn.setDoInput(true);
httpUrlConn.setUseCaches(false);
// 设置请求方式(GET/POST)
httpUrlConn.setRequestMethod(requestMethod);
if ("GET".equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod))
httpUrlConn.connect();
// 当有数据需要提交时
if (null != outputStr) {
OutputStream outputStream = httpUrlConn.getOutputStream();
// 注意编码格式,防止中文乱码
outputStream.write(outputStr.getBytes("UTF-8"));
outputStream.close();
}
// 将返回的输入流转换成字符串
InputStream inputStream = httpUrlConn.getInputStream();
InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "utf-8");
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);
String str = null;
while ((str = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
buffer.append(str);
}
bufferedReader.close();
inputStreamReader.close();
// 释放资源
inputStream.close();
inputStream = null;
httpUrlConn.disconnect();
System.out.println("返回的数据:"+buffer.toString());
// jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(buffer.toString());
} catch (ConnectException ce) {
log.error("Weixin server connection timed out.");
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("https request error:{}", e);
}
return buffer.toString();
}
⑺ java怎么调用https接口
方法:只要New一个Map,然后把要传递的参数以键值对的形式存入Map即可。 private void Example() { String url =地址; Map param = new HashMap(); p.put("ParamName", "ParamValue"); String html = this.visitURL(url, param); }
⑻ 怎样用java调用https接口
下面这个函数可以直接用:
public static String requsetUrl(String urls) throws Exception{
BufferedReader br = null;
String sTotalString= "";
try{
URL url = new URL(urls);
URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();
connection.setConnectTimeout(3000);
connection.setDoOutput(true);
String line = "";
InputStream l_urlStream;
l_urlStream = connection.getInputStream();
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(l_urlStream, "UTF-8"));
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
sTotalString += line + "\r\n";
}
} finally {
if(br!=null){
try {
br.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
br = null;
}
}
}
return sTotalString;
}
⑼ 如何用JAVA实现HTTPS客户端
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import javax.net.ssl.*;
public class TrustSSL {
private static class TrustAnyTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
throws CertificateException {
}
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
throws CertificateException {
}
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return new X509Certificate[] {};
}
}
private static class TrustAnyHostnameVerifier implements HostnameVerifier {
public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
return true;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
InputStream in = null;
OutputStream out = null;
byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
String str_return = "";
try {
SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
sc.init(null, new TrustManager[] { new TrustAnyTrustManager() },
new java.security.SecureRandom());
URL console = new URL(
"https://192.168.1.188/test.php?username=测试");
HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) console
.openConnection();
conn.setSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());
conn.setHostnameVerifier(new TrustAnyHostnameVerifier());
conn.connect();
InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();
DataInputStream indata = new DataInputStream(is);
String ret = "";
while (ret != null) {
ret = indata.readLine();
if (ret != null && !ret.trim().equals("")) {
str_return = str_return
+ new String(ret.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "GBK");
}
}
conn.disconnect();
} catch (ConnectException e) {
System.out.println("ConnectException");
System.out.println(e);
throw e;
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("IOException");
System.out.println(e);
throw e;
} finally {
try {
in.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
}
try {
out.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
System.out.println(str_return);
}
}
⑽ 如何用java代码实现https请求,我要最新的代码,谢谢
HttpURLConnectionconn=(HttpURLConnection)newURL(url).openConnection();
BufferedReaderbufferReader=newBufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(),"utf-8"));
StringinputLine=null;
while((inputLine=bufferReader.readLine())!=null){
buffer.append(inputLine);
}
bufferReader.close();
conn.disconnect();
System.out.println(inputLine);